Just look at recent history, say from 2018 since the Kearney era -
2018: pf 201/ pa 214 difference -13
2019: 159/ 197 -38
2020: 107/ 119 -12
2021: 91/ 105 -14
2022: 155/ 137 +18
2023: 17/ 23 -6
Total pen for: 730
Pen against: 795
And where statistically where it should all average out where sitting at -65 in just over 5 years
Or we get 8.2% less than expected.
P.S. one year when I checked, the 2 games against the top 2 teams where we lost by an about 50 points each time we happened to win those penalty counts by about 12-2 each. That’s how you even up penalty counts across a season by using irrelevant games to even up stats while you get screwed in the games against close teams that actually determine your ladder position.
Also, the way to manipulate games are with non penalty 50/50 decisions which there are about 10 per game - errors (dropped balls, knock ons, forward passes) bunker calls (50/50 try groundings, held up judgement calls, over the line or short), 6 agains (offside, holding down time), etc. These are in addition to penalties. Give all the 50/50 calls almost all one way and you completely change the game while it’s impossible to claim a bias because by there nature they are defendable simply as 50/50 calls with human judgement.